1. Ferritic Stainless hlau
Hom stainless hlau no muaj cov matrix uas yog feem ntau ntawm ferrite (theem) nrog lub cev -centered cubic (BCC) crystal qauv. Nws yog hlau nplaum thiab feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem hardened los ntawm kev kho cua sov, txawm hais tias nws tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog me ntsis los ntawm kev ua haujlwm txias. Nws muaj 11–30% Cr thiab tej zaum yuav muaj me me ntawm Mo, Nb, thiab Ti, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb yog Ni- dawb. Ferritic stainless hlau muaj lub zog siab thiab zoo heev tiv thaiv chloride kev nyuaj siab corrosion, pitting, thiab crevice corrosion. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog rhiab heev rau intergranular corrosion thiab pom tsis zoo tsawg - kub toughness.
2. Martensitic Stainless hlau
Qhov no stainless hlau muaj ib tug martensitic matrix thiab yog sib nqus. Nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab tuaj yeem hloov kho los ntawm kev kho cua sov. Ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, martensitic stainless hlau tshwm sim li austenite; Tom qab quenching, lub austenite hloov mus rau hauv martensite, uas muab cov hlau nws lub npe. Nws nthuav tawm lub zog siab, hardness, thiab hnav tsis kam, thiab cov khoom xav tau tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev kho cua sov. Martensitic stainless hlau muaj machinability zoo tab sis tsis zoo weldability.
3. Austenitic Stainless hlau
Austenitic stainless hlau muaj ib tug matrix tsim feem ntau ntawm austenite (theem) nrog lub ntsej muag -centered cubic (FCC) siv lead ua qauv. Nws tsis yog- sib nqus thiab muaj zog feem ntau los ntawm kev ua haujlwm txias. Austenitic stainless hlau feem ntau muaj 16-25% Cr thiab 7-20% Ni. Tom qab kev kho cua sov tsim nyog, nws tsim ib qho -theem austenitic qauv ntawm chav tsev kub.
4. Duplex (Austenitic-Ferritic) Stainless hlau
Cov hlau tsis muaj hlau no muaj cov matrix tsim los ntawm ob theem austenite thiab ferrite, nrog cov ntsiab lus ferrite xws li kwv yees li 40% txog 60%. Nws yog hlau nplaum thiab tuaj yeem ntxiv dag zog los ntawm kev ua haujlwm txias.
5. Dej nag-Hardened Stainless hlau
nag lossis daus- cov hlau tsis muaj zog muaj cov matrix ntawm austenite lossis martensite thiab tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog los ntawm nag lossis daus (hnub nyoog) hardening. Tom qab kev daws teeb meem, nws tsim cov martensitic los yog semi- austenitic qauv, thiab cov nag los tom qab txhim kho nws lub zog. Nws muaj lub zog siab, zoo corrosion kuj zoo dua li martensitic stainless hlau, thiab zoo sib sau thiab vuam zog.